ISOLATION OF EMBRYONIC STEM (ES) CELLS IN MEDIA SUPPLEMENTED WITH RECOMBINANT LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR (LIF)

The isolation of pluripotent murine embryonic stem (ES) cells has previously been achieved by coculturing the ES cells with fibroblast feeder cells. In this report we demonstrate that ES cell lines can be isolated from murine 129/Sv He blastocysts in the absence of feeder cells in culture medium supplemented with recombinant leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Three of the ES cell lines (MBL-1, MBL-2, and MBL-3) were isolated by directly explanting blastocysts, whilst two ES cell lines (MBL-4 and MBL-5) were isolated from blastocysts pretreated by immunosurgery. Three of the ES cell lines contained the Y chromosome (MBL-1, MBL-2, and MBL-5) with a high proportion of the cells displaying a normal diploid karyotype with a modal chromosome number of 40. All of the ES cell lines tested expressed the stem cell markers ECMA-7 and alkaline phosphatase, which were lost on removal of LIF when the ES cells differentiated into a variety of cell types. The full developmental potential of the ES cells was determined by injecting cells from two of the independently derived ES cell lines, MBL-1 and MBL-5, into C57BL/6J blastocysts. A high proportion of the pups born were chimeric as judged by coat pigmentation. Subsequent breeding established that the ES cells had contributed to the germ line. These results demonstrate that feeder cells are not essential for the isolation of pluripotent ES cell lines.