Abuse Advertising on the Internet: Invasion of Privacy and Deception as regards Source and Content Trough Spam, relazione presentata al XVII Congresso della International Accademy of Comparative Law, 16-22 July 2006, Utrecht, The Netherland, in Regulating Internet Abuses, Invasion of Privacy, a cura di J. Kozyris,

From at least two angles it is extremely complex to grant effective protection against spam, also in the Italian legal system. The first is that a solution for this phenomenon can only be found through interaction necessary between different instruments: legal instruments, technological instruments and educational or self-regulatory instruments. At the same time, the legal sphere of protection must be supranational and therefore protection is called for at international legal level, European level and within single national systems. Where this aspect is not fully grasped, all protective measures risk being ineffective in their application. The second angle making the phenomenon linked to protection against spam extremely complex is that the situation itself is evolving constantly, in close correlation with technological progress. Technology does not take sides, however, and can be used to protect against spam, just as it can be used to increase it, depending on the user.