Workaholism among management and workers in an italian cooperative enterprise.

The Workaholism construct — still little explored within Italian organizational contexts — was analyzed in a cooperative enterprise characterized by the workers’ great participation in the company governance and profits. The possible combinations (high-low) of the two workaholism dimensions (Work Excessively and Work Compulsively) confirmed, through cluster analysis, the presence of four worker profiles: Workaholic, Non-workaholic, Hard Worker, and Compulsive Worker. The relations between the workers’ different profiles, organizational variables, individual and demographic resources were also assessed. Generally, workaholics have a more critical profile, compared to the other three categories, on many of the variables examined, and in particular: workload, POS, organizational conflict (work-life, between groups, intra-role, and with superiors), psychological strain, burnout (emotional exhaustion and disaffection), and negative affectivity. As far as organizational citizenship behaviors and self-efficacy are concerned, on the contrary, results are less critical.