Ties in masonry arches and vaults play a key role in constraining their horizontal thrust. The paper focuses on vault ties and presents a study of existing iron ties in several historical constructions. The first aim of this research is to collect a relevant amount of samples, in order to obtain a database on their relevant typological features, such as transverse dimensions versus span (geometrical proportions) and operational stress rate. To this purpose, a database listing the geometrical features and, at least, the first vibration frequency of 353 ties, has been built. Some graphs that correlate and compare length, cross section and flexural stiffness of historical ties, are presented. On-site measures, including data on frequencies and mode shapes, were collected for more than 50 specimens. For these cases, unknown parameters such as tension forces, rotational stiffness of supports, or in some cases the length, were evaluated on the basis of the experimental data and with theoretical methods found in the literature. Drawbacks and advantages of each method were highlighted. Starting from this analysis, a set of laboratory tests on tie samples having various cross sections and subjected to changing stress states and constraints has been designed and performed. The tests, carried out under controlled conditions, had the goals to provide new insights on the methods for the assessment of historical ties. It was also possible to evaluate the reliability of analytical and numerical (FEM) model predictions, in order to obtain a useful tool to be applied for non-destructive on-site testing of ties.

Ties in historical constructions: Typical features and laboratory tests

Cescatti, E.;da Porto, F.;Modena, C.;Casarin, F.
2016

Abstract

Ties in masonry arches and vaults play a key role in constraining their horizontal thrust. The paper focuses on vault ties and presents a study of existing iron ties in several historical constructions. The first aim of this research is to collect a relevant amount of samples, in order to obtain a database on their relevant typological features, such as transverse dimensions versus span (geometrical proportions) and operational stress rate. To this purpose, a database listing the geometrical features and, at least, the first vibration frequency of 353 ties, has been built. Some graphs that correlate and compare length, cross section and flexural stiffness of historical ties, are presented. On-site measures, including data on frequencies and mode shapes, were collected for more than 50 specimens. For these cases, unknown parameters such as tension forces, rotational stiffness of supports, or in some cases the length, were evaluated on the basis of the experimental data and with theoretical methods found in the literature. Drawbacks and advantages of each method were highlighted. Starting from this analysis, a set of laboratory tests on tie samples having various cross sections and subjected to changing stress states and constraints has been designed and performed. The tests, carried out under controlled conditions, had the goals to provide new insights on the methods for the assessment of historical ties. It was also possible to evaluate the reliability of analytical and numerical (FEM) model predictions, in order to obtain a useful tool to be applied for non-destructive on-site testing of ties.
2016
Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions: Anamnesis, diagnosis, therapy, controls - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions, SAHC 2016
9781138029514
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11577/3276058
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