Biotechnology to investigate the microbial community responsible of biogas production from biomass

Biotechnology represents a new point of view on the organic matter and its purposes. The biotechnological approach consists in the exploitation of living organisms or biological systems for specific intents, such as the production of metabolites or the modification and improvement of processes. The organic waste, used for the biogas production, contains complex microbial consortia. In the humid and airless environment, typical of the anaerobic digestion, the organic matter’s degradation is catalysed by those microbes that, by their nature, are already present in the biomasses used in the implant, constituting the core of methane production. For this reason in the past few years, many researches have been accomplished to understand which are the central microbial species and their relationships, with the aim of optimizing the energetic efficiency and reduce costs of the process itself. This contribute presents a panoramic of the current problematics, confronting them and commenting, pagroposing new possible strategies with the aim of furnish guide lines to enhance the biogas production.