The Italian procedural approach for assessing frequency and voltage behavior during a bottom-up restoration strategy

In this paper, a procedural approach for studying the feasibility of a restoration backbone is presented. The approach uses a Simulink model for the study of frequency and voltage dynamic behaviors in order to obtain a backbone simulation for different load scenarios. The method is then applied to a restoration path involving a portion of Italy transmission grid, focusing on the study of power-frequency behavior. Some details on the modeling of load and distributed generation are given, so to represent the real behavior of a primary substation in terms of active power transit.