Article 24

While judicial proceedings involving foreign states remain in principle governed by the lex fori, Article 24 ensures foreign States, due to their sovereign nature, certain privileges and immunities. Article 24(1) leaves unaffected the competence of courts to issue, in accordance with domestic law, orders enjoining foreign States to perform a specific act or to produce any document or disclose any other information for the purposes of a proceeding. It nonetheless prohibits the imposition of any coercive measures in case of failure or refusal to comply with such orders. Article 24(2) exempts foreign States appearing before the courts of another State from the obligation to provide any security, bond or deposit, however described, to guarantee the payment of judicial costs or expenses.