Valutazione degli impatti dell'internazionalizzazione dell'industria italiana del legno e del mobile nei Balcani. Definizione del fenomeno, analisi dei processi e degli impatti socio-economico ed ambientali in Italia e nei paesi presi in esame (Romania, Serbia, Bosnia Erzegovina)

The internationalization of commercial and productive activities of industrial companies is a phenomenon which characterized, in the last decades, the economic development of many countries. Also Italian companies have been actively involved in such processes, especially regarding the "made in Italy" traditional sectors, with wood processing and furniture production among these. Direct foreign investments (especially to the Eastern European country) and the delocalisation of some productive stages of the sectors mentioned above imply a number of impacts both on Italian and the foreign territory. These impacts concern the way and intensity in harvesting of local forests, the spatial and productive organization of the local industrial systems (also called industrial districts), the quantitative and qualitative adjustment in employment and the change in trading channels of wood products. Significant impacts have also been measured in the development and economic competitiveness of the sectors referred above. In this paper we present the theoretical paradygms and the instruments for the economic evaluation of internationalization processes. A list of indicators is proposed to assess the impacts, both at macro (impacts on the territory) and at micro scale (impacts of single enterprises through the appraisal of the implemented social responsibility level).