The relationship between music and cognition represents a particularly interesting issue in cognitive psychology field. In particular, research concerning music and cognition refers to two areas of study: the first one includes research on listening to music and cognitive performance (before or after the listening condition); the second one investigates the impact of music training on cognition. As regards measuring musical abilities, in the current context of globally diffusion of the Internet it becomes of interest to investigate whether musical abilities could be successfully measured remotely - online. Considering that in recent years there has been a gradual and progressive increase of the average age, pushing towards an increase of older population, investigating whether and how music may sustain older adults during the aging process could represent an important issue. Therefore, the goal of the present thesis was to investigate the relationship between music and cognition across the adult life-span, with particular attention to older people, considering on the one hand the effect of listening music on cognitive performance, and on the other the influence of music training on cognition. In order to deepen these topics, the three studies presented here aimed to: i) explore the effect of music listening on cognitive performance and on the emotional state of typical aging older adults; ii) investigate the relationship between music training, cognitive abilities and personality in professional musicians, iii) verify whether a musical skill test could be successfully administered online. Specifically, Study 1 examined the influence of music listening on the emotional state and cognitive tasks in healthy typically aging older adults. Study 2 aimed to investigate the association between musical abilities, cognitive performance and personality in professional, non-professional and non-musicians. Finally, Study 3 focused on the measurement of musical abilities using a test proposed online, compared to the same test administered in lab. The results showed that listening to music with particular musical characteristics can benefit the emotional state (i.e., mood, arousal), and cognition (i.e., visuo-spatial working memory) in healthy typically aging older adults. In addition, the "profile" of the professional musicians was further characterized at personality and cognitive level. Finally, the possibility of successfully measure musical abilities online was confirmed. In the thesis, the theoretical background, methodology, statistical analysis, results and general discussions are provided, along with general conclusions and implications.
La relazione tra musica e cognizione rappresenta un argomento di particolare interesse nell’ambito della psicologia cognitiva. Nello studio dell’effetto della musica sulla cognizione si può far riferimento a due filoni di ricerca: il primo include studi che riguardano l’ascolto musicale e l’esecuzione (contemporanea o successiva) di compiti cognitivi; il secondo indaga l’impatto di aver studiato musica a livello professionale sulla cognizione. Nell’ottica della misurazione delle abilità musicali e nel contesto attuale di diffusione di Internet a livello globale, poi, risulta particolarmente importante verificare se le abilità musicali possano essere misurate da remoto -online- in modo affidabile. Dal momento che negli ultimi anni si sta assistendo a un graduale e progressivo aumento dell’età media della popolazione, inoltre, indagare la relazione tra musica e cognizione nell’invecchiamento, con particolare attenzione agli aspetti della musica che potrebbero fornire un elemento di supporto all’anziano, si configura come un aspetto di particolare interesse. Il presente lavoro di tesi, pertanto, ha l’obiettivo di indagare la relazione tra musica e cognizione nell’arco di vita adulto, con particolare attenzione alla popolazione anziana, considerando da una parte l’effetto dell’ascolto musicale sulla prestazione cognitiva, e dall’altro l’influenza dello studio musicale sulla cognizione. Per approfondire tali argomenti, i tre studi qui presentati si pongono l’obiettivo di: i) esplorare l’effetto dell’ascolto musicale sulla performance cognitiva e sullo stato emozionale di anziani sani con invecchiamento tipico; ii) indagare la relazione tra studio musicale, abilità cognitive e personalità in musicisti professionisti, iii) verificare se un test di abilità musicale possa essere affidabilmente somministrato online. Nello specifico, lo Studio 1 esamina l’influenza dell’ascolto musicale su aspetti emozionali e cognitivi in anziani sani con invecchiamento tipico. Lo Studio 2 si propone di indagare l’associazione tra abilità musicali, prestazione cognitiva e personalità in musicisti professionisti, non professionisti e non musicisti. Infine, lo Studio 3 si focalizza sulla misurazione delle abilità musicali attraverso un test proposto in forma online, rispetto allo stesso test somministrato in laboratorio. I risultati mostrano, in particolare, che l’ascolto musicale di brani con alcune caratteristiche musicali può portare a dei benefici a livello di stato emozionale (i.e., umore e arousal), e cognitivo (i.e., nella memoria di lavoro visuo-spaziale) in anziani con invecchiamento tipico. Inoltre, vengono fornite nuove informazioni riguardo al “profilo” del musicista professionista, dal punto di vista della personalità e delle abilità cognitive. Infine, viene messa in risalto la possibilità di somministrare efficacemente una misura di abilità musicali in formato online. Nella tesi, i costrutti teorici vengono proposti nell’ambito della letteratura di riferimento. Inoltre, in ogni capitolo vengono descritti e riportati il metodo, le analisi dei dati, i risultati e le discussioni di ciascuno studio svolto. Infine, vengono presentate le conclusioni di ogni studio, insieme a possibili applicazioni e sviluppi futuri.
Musica e cognizione: l’effetto dell’ascolto musicale e del training musicale nell’invecchiamento / Vincenzi, Margherita. - (2023 Jan 13).
Musica e cognizione: l’effetto dell’ascolto musicale e del training musicale nell’invecchiamento
VINCENZI, MARGHERITA
2023
Abstract
The relationship between music and cognition represents a particularly interesting issue in cognitive psychology field. In particular, research concerning music and cognition refers to two areas of study: the first one includes research on listening to music and cognitive performance (before or after the listening condition); the second one investigates the impact of music training on cognition. As regards measuring musical abilities, in the current context of globally diffusion of the Internet it becomes of interest to investigate whether musical abilities could be successfully measured remotely - online. Considering that in recent years there has been a gradual and progressive increase of the average age, pushing towards an increase of older population, investigating whether and how music may sustain older adults during the aging process could represent an important issue. Therefore, the goal of the present thesis was to investigate the relationship between music and cognition across the adult life-span, with particular attention to older people, considering on the one hand the effect of listening music on cognitive performance, and on the other the influence of music training on cognition. In order to deepen these topics, the three studies presented here aimed to: i) explore the effect of music listening on cognitive performance and on the emotional state of typical aging older adults; ii) investigate the relationship between music training, cognitive abilities and personality in professional musicians, iii) verify whether a musical skill test could be successfully administered online. Specifically, Study 1 examined the influence of music listening on the emotional state and cognitive tasks in healthy typically aging older adults. Study 2 aimed to investigate the association between musical abilities, cognitive performance and personality in professional, non-professional and non-musicians. Finally, Study 3 focused on the measurement of musical abilities using a test proposed online, compared to the same test administered in lab. The results showed that listening to music with particular musical characteristics can benefit the emotional state (i.e., mood, arousal), and cognition (i.e., visuo-spatial working memory) in healthy typically aging older adults. In addition, the "profile" of the professional musicians was further characterized at personality and cognitive level. Finally, the possibility of successfully measure musical abilities online was confirmed. In the thesis, the theoretical background, methodology, statistical analysis, results and general discussions are provided, along with general conclusions and implications.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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