DEFINING INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSON'S LIVELIHOODS IN THE URBAN CONTEXT OF AFGHANISTAN THE CASE OF KABUL CITY

Abstract Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) have developed as a current identifying characteristic in globe. For four decades of war and internal conflict in Afghanistan, as well as a complicated humanitarian response, IDPs have been at the core of aid, attracting the attention of international donors. There are still thousands of IDPs in many camps in Kabul, Jalalabad, Herat, and other major cities around Afghanistan (2021), and the number is increasing. Although, various players involved in dealing with IDPs in Afghanistan, on the other hand, have limited knowledge of the importance of the IDP and IDPs' livelihoods in the field. Most crucially, the ambiguous and hidden layers of the term IDP and the internal and external factors to recognize the IDP's true identity are still unclear, and the position of urban IDPs in the future of Afghanistan has not been considered. Furthermore, the issues faced by internally displaced individuals living in extreme poverty in urban contexts will become increasingly important in the development plan (Carole Rakodi & Tony Lloyd-Jones, 2002). When IDPs are aided outside of camps, such exclusion from the lists of IDPs means that IDPs outside of camps are not considered for assistance, are not included in the return and resettlement frameworks, and are not included in the beneficiary selections for further assistance (Nguya, Gloria, 2019). It is not easy to build sustainable livelihoods for the IDPs in urban contexts, but it is essential to do so for a reasonable standard of living in the short and long term based on the situation of IDPs in hosted communities. The IDP camps in Kabul provide an opportunity to learn more about what it means to be an IDP on the ground. This is significant because IDPs are a highly vulnerable group during the war. In Afghanistan, IDP camps were not substantially constructed or developed by government-controlled or advanced procedures. As a result, IDPs are only known as the people living in camps. The humanitarian community has supported the government's goal of maintaining people in camps by limiting support to IDPs who are registered and settled within camps (UNHCR & UN-Habitat- 2020). The limited resources concerning the protection of IDPs impact the formation of settlements. The presence of informal settlements in urban contexts and a lack of identification and statistics on IDPs scattered throughout cities are two significant barriers to recognizing IDPs in urban contexts. It is also difficult to distinguish between forced migrants and those who have found a long-term solution (Patricia Hynes, 2021). The research attempts to clarify the various definitions of IDPs as well as ways for identifying this group and their livelihoods in urban settings. Evaluate their vulnerability in contrast with the urban IDPs. This research explores how IDPs organize their livelihoods inside and outside of Charahi Qambar camp, how IDPs differ in their level of vulnerability and livelihood opportunities based on life stories, types of ties and networks, in-depth interviews, and field surveys.