Challenges in veterinary molecular diagnosis

Veterinary molecular diagnostics face many challenges in maintaining consistent analysis standards. The primary challenges stem from the high genetic variability of viruses, their rapid mutation rates, and the prevalence of diverse vaccine schedules. This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive approach to address these overarching issues and present novel tools and insights for their management. To achieve this, avian influenza, infectious bronchitis, and Newcastle disease viruses will serve as illustrative models. These impactful viruses serve as excellent examples of pathogens characterized by genetic variability (AI H9), rapid spread due to widespread vaccination campaigns with long-term population effects (IBV), and pathogens with varying and diverse virulence profiles (NDV)."