Photoactive organic dyes for the functionalization of inorganic and carbon-based materials

The global surge in energy consumption, rising exponentially, has pulled humanity into an era of unprecedented energy thirst. In recognition of the imperative to shift away from carbon-based fuels, it is necessary to develop strategies that allow to quench this insatiable thirst with renewable energy sources. This thesis can be seen as a dedicated effort to provide a comprehensive and insightful examination in the advancement of photoactive hybrid 2D materials. These materials represent a promising technology in the quest for sustainable energy solutions. By combining the unique properties of two-dimensional materials with photoactive organic elements, we aim to harness their potential for efficient energy conversion. Through a thorough investigation of the synthesis, characterization, and applications of photoactive hybrid 2D materials, this work seeks to shed light on their properties as a key component of future renewable energy systems. Following this idea, Chapter 1 provides an introduction regarding the main topics that are going to be discussed in detail: push-pull organic molecules, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). Chapter 2 focuses in the interaction between rGO and a fully organic photoactive molecule: synthesis, functionalization of the nanostructure, and changes in the optical and physical properties are going to be discussed in detail. Chapter 3 studies another 2D material, Molybdenum disulfide, focusing in the chance of functionalization of the transition metal dichalcogenide exploiting its reactivity with free thiols. Two different chromophores will be synthesized and attached to the surface. Once again, the enhancement in the photoactive behaviour will be examined, paying attention to the different behaviour of the chromophore with and without the attachment into the 2D structure. Finally, Chapter 4 explores different approaches towards the functionalization of rGO. The formation of an amide bond between the dye and a pre-functionalized rGO will be discussed as an alternative strategy to obtain the hybrid. Additionally, other rGO derivatives will be presented as components for hole transporting materials in perovskite solar cells. The insights generated in this thesis could contribute to the understanding of the role of photoactive hybrid 2D materials related to energy conversion. As we strive for a more sustainable energy landscape, this thesis could serve as a significant step toward a future powered by clean and renewable energy sources.