Human-environment connections: a multiproxy bioarchaeological investigation at Nora (Sardinia, Italy)

This research investigates the relationship between humans and the environment at the archaeological site of Nora with a particular focus on the Phoenician and Punic periods (7th–4th century BC) through an innovative interdisciplinary approach. By integrating archaeology with biological analyses, including anthropology, biochemistry, and archaeobotany, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of ancient life at the site. Bioanthropological analyses of dental and skeletal remains from the western necropolis of the site reveal individual osteobiographies and shed light on the overall population. Environmental data from archaeological stratifications in both settlement and suburban areas allowed the reconstruction of the evolution of the ancient landscape and document the utilization of specific plant species. These findings illuminate aspects of daily life, diet, and resource management, offering valuable insights into the social, cultural, and economic practices of the Phoenician and Punic communities.