Pituitary disorders

Pituitary, controlling several endocrine organs in the body through its trophic hormones, forms the master endocrine gland of humans, and is safely encased within the bony case sella tursica of the skull base protected from usual craniocerebral injuries/insults. Common pathological processes of the pituitary include tumours, infective/inflammtory processes, vascular insults and congenital anomalies clinically manifesting as hormonal excess/deficits, local invasive effects on neighboring neurovascular structures, or silently as incidentalomas detected during imaging. Various imaging modalities are crucial for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic monitoring of pituitary disease, the theme of this chapter.