Price of Anarchy for Green Digital Twin Enabled Logistics

In the era of smart cities and Industry 4.0, Digital Twin (DT) technologies have emerged as transformative tools for optimizing urban and industrial systems. We explore the application of Green DTs (GDTs) in the context of ThirdParty Logistics (3PL) to enhance sustainability and operational efficiency. By integrating real-time data with predictive analytics, GDTs enable the optimization of delivery networks, minimizing resource consumption and carbon emissions, while addressing challenges such as traffic congestion and reverse logistics. We investigate a 3PL scenario, involving a largescale delivery network, focusing on the misalignment between environmental goals of the central operator and the profitdriven strategies of third party providers. We employ a gametheoretic approach to evaluate inefficiencies through the Price of Anarchy (PoA) and the Price of Stability (PoS). The results demonstrate the potential of GDTs to dynamically model agent behavior, optimize route planning, and enhance collaboration in decentralized supply chain networks to reduce emissions.