BASI FISIOLOGICHE DELL' IPERTROFIA MUSCOLARE

The mechanisms underlying exercise muscle hypertrophy are different and complex. The researches that have analyzed the effect of exercise on muscle showed various ways through which training can lead to increase in muscle mass. This argument meets the interest of researchers not only for applications related to the world of fitness and body building but also in the hope that the understanding of these mechanisms can counteract various pathological phenomena that cause muscle atrophy: cancer, AIDS, chronic heart failure. It is therefore of fundamental importance to understand how better stimulate the pathways that lead hypertrophia; from those related to the insulin receptor family, to those dependent on Ca++, NO or hypoxia; from those that involve different hormones to those linked to mechanical deformation of fibers. To do this we must combine the knowledge of training techniques borrowed from Body Building with the understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of increased protein synthesis in skeletal muscle