Isolated atrial fibrillation (IAF) after local anaesthesia with epinephrine in an anxious dental patient

Cardiac arrhythmias are not uncommon in dental practice, depending on many factors, including patient features, dental treatment and drugs administered. We describe a case of isolated atrial fi brillation (IAF) developed, in a young patient, soon after a supraperiosteal injection. The patient was admitted to hospital and recovered spontaneously. Since stress is a possible cause of IAF, this may has been triggered by endogenous and/or exogenous epinephrine. We highlight the need for careful preoperative evaluation, including anxiety assessment and treatment in all dental patients.