Favoritismo implicito per il proprio gruppo: Gli effetti dell’identificazione

The present study examined the moderating effect of ingroup identification on explicit and implicit measures of bias. The relation was considered between Italians (ingroup) and Moroccans (outgroup), a large immigration group in Italy. To measure implicit bias we used a sequential priming paradigm with subliminal primes (MOROCCANS and ITALIANS) and evaluative judgments (positive/negative). After completing the priming task, participants (N = 86 Italian university students) filled out a questionnaire containing the explicit measures of identification and intergroup bias. Results showed that identification had a moderating effect on explicit measure of bias, with higher identifiers displaying greater. Ingroup bias also occurred at the level of automatic responses, but at this level, identification did not moderate the effect. The differential effect of identification on explicit and implicit measures, as well as the dissociation between explicit and implicit measures of bias, are discussed.