FRP strengthening of steel and steel-concrete composite structures: an analytical approach

A recent technique for strengthening steel and steel-concrete composite structures by the use of externally bonded Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) sheets, to increase the flexural capacity of the structural element, is described. Several researches developed FRP strengthening of reinforced concrete and masonry structures, but few experimental studies about steel and steel-concrete composite elements are available. Some examples of guidelines for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening existing metal structures are avail- able, but the method used to predict the flexural behaviour of FRP strengthened elements is usually based on the hypothesis of elastic behaviour of materials and FRP laminate is mainly considered only under the tensile flange. In this paper, an analytical procedure to predict the flexural behaviour of FRP strengthened steel and steel-concrete com- posite elements, based on cross-sectional behaviour and taking into account the non-linear behaviour of the materials with any configuration of FRP rein- forcement, is given. Analytical predictions are compared with some experimental results available in the literature on the flexural behaviour of FRP strengthened steel and steel-concrete composite elements, showing good agreement of the results, even in the non-linear phase, until failure.