Positive personal resources and organizational well-being: resilience, hope, optimism, and self-efficacyin an Italian health care setting

The present study fits within the Positive Psychology approach, according to which a positive outlook is a valuable “natural defence” to contrast the possible negative effects of stress. In line with the Psychological Capital (PsyCap) model, the study aims to assess the metric properties of four scales geared to measure the positive personal resources considered by such model – resilience, hope, optimism, and self-efficacy – as well as to ascertain the presence of a higher-order factor representing these four personal resources. The fit of the models to the data (χ2, CFI, and SRMR) are satisfactory. The scales factor structures and the higher-order factor are therefore confirmed. Such scales thus appear to be appropriate to assess the influence of some individual work characteristics in the work-related stress process.