Fascioliasi e dicroceliasi dei bovini: indagini sulla diffusione e sui fattori di rischio in Provincia di Bologna

In order to establish the occurrence of bovine fascioliasis and dicroceliasis in the province of Bologna and to evaluate the effect of some risk factors on their prevalence, 846 animals were examined coprologically and anamnestic information was collected in the 102 involved herds. The analyzed risk factoers were: foreign origin of the animals, grazing practice, fresh grass feeding. 23% and 25% of herds and 8% and 8.5% of animals were found positive for fascioliasis and dicroceliasis, respectively. In 10 herds both infections were present. Animal import seems to be a relevant risk factor, of fascioliasis especially, whereas grazing practice and fresh grass feeding seem to have a greater importance for dicroceliasis. The combined effect of these factors gives high Relative Risk values: 49 of fascioliasis; 14 of dicroceliasis. The Attributable Risk values show that 58% and 43% of fascioliasis and dicriceliasis, respectively, may be attributed to grazing practice and import of animals.