Numerical analysis of the in-plane behaviour of three-leaf stone masonry panels consolidated with grout injection

This paper presents the calibration procedures of a numerical model based on the results of uniaxial and shear-compression tests on three-leaf stone masonry panels in scale 1:1 and 2:3, both in original and injected conditions. The stone masonry panels were simulated considering a macro-scale approach, where a nonlinear continuum damage model with distinct scalar damage parameters for tension and compression, implemented in the finite element software Cast3 M, was used to simulate the walls behaviour. The main goal of this paper is, first to calibrate, based on the obtained experimental results and using a phenomenological calibration strategy, a single set of parameters that represent a macroscopic constitutive law, by type of masonry, which is able to describe the different experimental tests. Afterwards, a parametric study was performed using the calibrated material laws, with the scope of assessing the influence of vertical pre-compression, slenderness and material strength on failure mechanisms and on different performance parameters such as the maximum load and displacement capacity (drift at ultimate state and drift at maximum load), for each type of masonry condition.