XT using the pig as a donor species may provide a potential solution to the lack of human organs available for transplantation. However, two major immunological obstacles have impeded the survival of porcine organs transplanted into primates. The first is hyperacute rejection (HR), which is a consequence of the recipient's preformed antibodies binding specifically to the carbohydrate structure Gal-alpha1-3-Gal on porcine endothelial cells (EC), leading to complement activation and graft failure. Conventional strategies to overcome HR have focused on the inactivation or removal of essential components of the complement system, or removal of anti-xenograft antibodies from the blood of the recipient. Alternatively, genetically modified donor pigs, whose organs express human complement inhibitors such as human decay-accelerating factor (hDAF), have been produced.
Progress in xenotransplantation
Cozzi, E;
2000
Abstract
XT using the pig as a donor species may provide a potential solution to the lack of human organs available for transplantation. However, two major immunological obstacles have impeded the survival of porcine organs transplanted into primates. The first is hyperacute rejection (HR), which is a consequence of the recipient's preformed antibodies binding specifically to the carbohydrate structure Gal-alpha1-3-Gal on porcine endothelial cells (EC), leading to complement activation and graft failure. Conventional strategies to overcome HR have focused on the inactivation or removal of essential components of the complement system, or removal of anti-xenograft antibodies from the blood of the recipient. Alternatively, genetically modified donor pigs, whose organs express human complement inhibitors such as human decay-accelerating factor (hDAF), have been produced.
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