Single-agent Bevacizumab in Recurrent Glioblastoma After Second-line Chemotherapy With Fotemustine: The Experience of the Italian Association of Neuro-Oncology

Objectives: Bevacizumab is an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody used in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma (GBM). Despite the large number of studies carried out in patients with recurrent GBM, little is known about the administration of this angiogenesis inhibitor after the failure of the second-line chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective multicenter study, on behalf of the Italian Association of Neuro-Oncology, we reported the results obtained in 51 patients with recurrent GBM treated with single-agent bevacizumab after the failure of second-line chemotherapy with fotemustine. Results: In March 2016, at the time of data analysis, 3 patients (14.4%) were still alive with stable disease, whereas 48 died due to disease progression. Kaplan-Meier estimated median survival from the diagnosis of GBM was 28 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.1-33.9mo). Median survival measured from the beginning of fotemustine and bevacizumab therapy were 11.3 (95% CI, 8.4-13.6mo) and 6 months (95% CI, 3.8-8.1 mo), respectively. The 6- and 12-month progression free survival rates from the beginning of bevacizumab treatment were 18% and 13%, respectively. Conclusions: On the basis of our data, in patients with recurrent GBM, the failure of a second-line chemotherapy with cytotoxic agents might not exclude the administration of bevacizumab as third-line chemotherapy.