Neonicotinoid insecticides, the most widely used category of insecticides for 20 years, have been detected in various human tissues including blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and hair. We collected spot urine from 99 volunteers in three islands of the Philippines, and compared their neonicotinoid concentrations with those obtained in paired hair samples from our previous study. Geometric means of concentration in urine (ng/L) were 0.048 for imidacloprid, 0.030 for clothianidin, 0.044 for thiamethoxam, 0.007 for acetamiprid, 0.005 for thiacloprid, 0.036 for dinotefuran, 0.026 for nitenpyram, and 0.006 for N-desmethyl acetamiprid. The total concentrations of the former five neonicotinoids in urine samples were lower in children (6-16 years old, n=28) than in adults (18-39 yo, n=42) and seniors (40-83 yo, n=29) (p=0.030), but not in hair. Imidacloprid concentrations were lower in hair (p=0.014) in adult women with dyed hair (n=9) as compared to women with un-dyed hair (n=18), but not in urine (p=0.71). We also analyzed strong ions in urine by ion chromatography and found an increase in urinary strong ion difference (SIDu) in five urine samples, suggesting possible renal metabolic acidosis. Our results suggest that urine is an appropriate matrix to investigate human exposure to neonicotinoids, while hair may be better suited to identify chronic exposure especially in children.
Urinary neonicotinoids in rural population of the Philippines and comparison with paired hair samples
Andrea Tapparo;
2023
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides, the most widely used category of insecticides for 20 years, have been detected in various human tissues including blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and hair. We collected spot urine from 99 volunteers in three islands of the Philippines, and compared their neonicotinoid concentrations with those obtained in paired hair samples from our previous study. Geometric means of concentration in urine (ng/L) were 0.048 for imidacloprid, 0.030 for clothianidin, 0.044 for thiamethoxam, 0.007 for acetamiprid, 0.005 for thiacloprid, 0.036 for dinotefuran, 0.026 for nitenpyram, and 0.006 for N-desmethyl acetamiprid. The total concentrations of the former five neonicotinoids in urine samples were lower in children (6-16 years old, n=28) than in adults (18-39 yo, n=42) and seniors (40-83 yo, n=29) (p=0.030), but not in hair. Imidacloprid concentrations were lower in hair (p=0.014) in adult women with dyed hair (n=9) as compared to women with un-dyed hair (n=18), but not in urine (p=0.71). We also analyzed strong ions in urine by ion chromatography and found an increase in urinary strong ion difference (SIDu) in five urine samples, suggesting possible renal metabolic acidosis. Our results suggest that urine is an appropriate matrix to investigate human exposure to neonicotinoids, while hair may be better suited to identify chronic exposure especially in children.
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