Management of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: a pragmatic scoping review of European guidelines and literature

Aim: The aim of this study is to provide an overview of current European guidelines for the management of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) highlighting areas of consensus and disagreement. Findings: Non-pharmacological therapies tailored to the patient’s individual needs are recommended first line. Short term antipsychotics, antidepressant and cognitive enhancers are the most commonly recommended pharmacological adjuncts to treatment, whereas recommendations for the use of sedative medications and anti-epileptics vary widely. Message: There is a need for standardisation of BPSD management guidelines for clinical practice across Europe.