Piezoelectric energy harvesters have recently attracted considerable attention due to the strong demand for efficient and sustainable power supply in smart electronic devices. Nevertheless, thermodynamic constraints-induced low figure of merit ( d x g ) and sacrifice of the operating temperature range hinder further enhancement of comprehensive energy harvesting performances in (K, Na)NbO3 -based ceramics. In this work, we propose a grain orientation and structure synergistic manipulation strategy to solve this issue. Highly [001]c -oriented (K0.44 Na0.52 Li0.04 )(Nb0.85 Ta0.15 )O3 - x vol.% NaNbO3 ceramics are synthesized by templated grain growth using platelike NaNbO3 templates, and relationships among template content, composition, texture and structure characteristics, electrical properties, and power generation properties of the ceramics are investigated. Excitingly, a very large d33 x g33 value of 28.0 x10-12 m2 N-1 , which corresponds to 4.3 times that of the nontextured counterpart at x = 0, is achieved in the textured ceramics ( x = 5) with maintaining a high Curie temperature ( Tc similar to 375 degrees C). Such enhancement of d33 x g33 can be mainly attributed to the maximized exploration of piezoelectric anisotropy, the enhancement of polarization rotation, and the effective suppression of dielectric permittivity, owing to the high [001]c texture and increased orthorhombic phase content. Consequently, substantially enhanced output power densities, e.g., 4.5 mu W mm-3 at 1 g acceleration, are achieved in the textured energy harvesters. The comprehensive energy harvesting properties of the textured ceramics ( x = 5) surpass those of previously reported lead-free ceramics. This work offers a promising strategy for the development of novel ceramic materials with enhanced energy harvesting performances, and highlights the potential of textured (K, Na)NbO3 -based ceramics for high-performance energy harvesters. (c) 2025 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.
Enhanced energy harvesting performances in (K, Na)NbO3-based piezoceramics based on crystallographic texture
Zhang Z.;Zheng M.;Colombo P.;
2026
Abstract
Piezoelectric energy harvesters have recently attracted considerable attention due to the strong demand for efficient and sustainable power supply in smart electronic devices. Nevertheless, thermodynamic constraints-induced low figure of merit ( d x g ) and sacrifice of the operating temperature range hinder further enhancement of comprehensive energy harvesting performances in (K, Na)NbO3 -based ceramics. In this work, we propose a grain orientation and structure synergistic manipulation strategy to solve this issue. Highly [001]c -oriented (K0.44 Na0.52 Li0.04 )(Nb0.85 Ta0.15 )O3 - x vol.% NaNbO3 ceramics are synthesized by templated grain growth using platelike NaNbO3 templates, and relationships among template content, composition, texture and structure characteristics, electrical properties, and power generation properties of the ceramics are investigated. Excitingly, a very large d33 x g33 value of 28.0 x10-12 m2 N-1 , which corresponds to 4.3 times that of the nontextured counterpart at x = 0, is achieved in the textured ceramics ( x = 5) with maintaining a high Curie temperature ( Tc similar to 375 degrees C). Such enhancement of d33 x g33 can be mainly attributed to the maximized exploration of piezoelectric anisotropy, the enhancement of polarization rotation, and the effective suppression of dielectric permittivity, owing to the high [001]c texture and increased orthorhombic phase content. Consequently, substantially enhanced output power densities, e.g., 4.5 mu W mm-3 at 1 g acceleration, are achieved in the textured energy harvesters. The comprehensive energy harvesting properties of the textured ceramics ( x = 5) surpass those of previously reported lead-free ceramics. This work offers a promising strategy for the development of novel ceramic materials with enhanced energy harvesting performances, and highlights the potential of textured (K, Na)NbO3 -based ceramics for high-performance energy harvesters. (c) 2025 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.
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