A comprehensive exploration of the current technologies applied to autonomous lawn mowers (also called robotic lawn mower RLM) proposed by manufacturers is presented. RLMs are specialized battery-powered machines (no electric cord), which mow without requiring an operator and, thereby revolutionizing modern lawn maintenance practices. From sophisticated navigation systems to intelligent sensors, this work examines the technological foundations that empower these robotic devices to manage the lawn of various terrains, adapt to changing environments, and optimize mowing patterns. This paper mainly focuses on comparison of technical characteristics and operative performances among the main solutions proposed by manufacturers, shedding light on the seamless integration of these technologies to enhance the efficiency and performance of RLMs, reduce the environmental impact, and improve safety for green maintenance workers. In addition, emerging trends are analysed to assess their potential impact on lawn quality and urban ecosystems. As autonomous lawn mowers become increasingly prevalent, this analysis serves as a valuable resource for understanding the intricate web of technologies driving their evolution. All comparisons highlighted that, in optimal working conditions (no obstacle and free sky to communicate with satellite), RLMs adopting systematic path planning have higher efficiency than models working with random trajectory paths; conversely, they have a higher purchasing cost per m2.
Analysis of Technical Characteristics and Main Performances in Commercial Autonomous Lawn Mowers
Guerrini L.;Bortolini L.
2025
Abstract
A comprehensive exploration of the current technologies applied to autonomous lawn mowers (also called robotic lawn mower RLM) proposed by manufacturers is presented. RLMs are specialized battery-powered machines (no electric cord), which mow without requiring an operator and, thereby revolutionizing modern lawn maintenance practices. From sophisticated navigation systems to intelligent sensors, this work examines the technological foundations that empower these robotic devices to manage the lawn of various terrains, adapt to changing environments, and optimize mowing patterns. This paper mainly focuses on comparison of technical characteristics and operative performances among the main solutions proposed by manufacturers, shedding light on the seamless integration of these technologies to enhance the efficiency and performance of RLMs, reduce the environmental impact, and improve safety for green maintenance workers. In addition, emerging trends are analysed to assess their potential impact on lawn quality and urban ecosystems. As autonomous lawn mowers become increasingly prevalent, this analysis serves as a valuable resource for understanding the intricate web of technologies driving their evolution. All comparisons highlighted that, in optimal working conditions (no obstacle and free sky to communicate with satellite), RLMs adopting systematic path planning have higher efficiency than models working with random trajectory paths; conversely, they have a higher purchasing cost per m2.
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